Introduction to DC brushless motor FOC control
FOC control algorithm
Why is FOC becoming more popular？
What is FOC？
Field-oriented Control (FOC), that is, Field Oriented Control, also known as vector frequency conversion, is currently the best choice for efficient control of brushless direct current motor (BLDC) and permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM).
FOC precisely controls the size and direction of the magnetic field, making the motor torque stable, low noise, high efficiency, and has a high-speed dynamic response. At present, it has gradually replaced the traditional control method in many applications, and has attracted much attention in the motion control industry.
Principles of FOC
FOC control first needs to obtain the motor rotor position, motor speed, current size and other information as feedback input, need to collect the motor phase current, and carry out a series of mathematical transformation and estimation algorithm to obtain the decoupled easy-to-control feedback quantity.
The controller adjusts dynamically according to the error between the feedback quantity and the target value, and finally outputs 3-phase sine wave to drive the motor to rotate.
FOC typical control block diagram
Sensor FOC and sensor free FOC
For FOC with sensor, because the encoder can feedback the position information of the motor rotor, the control is simple, but the control performance is often higher.
For sensorless FOC, it is necessary to collect the motor phase current and use the position estimation algorithm to calculate the rotor position. Therefore, the control is difficult, but the wiring is simple, the cost is low, the reliability is high, and it is widely used in the occasions of fans.
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